Freedom of thought and conscience
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, article 18. Not present in the US Constitution.
Note on this measure. Distinct from religion in CCP coding. The US text has no separate conscience clause.
Constitutions declaring it
131 / 158
US declares it
0%
US practices it
86%
Does declaring it change anything?
Distribution of practiced scores, split by whether the constitution declares the right. If the two distributions look alike, the words on the page are not doing much work on their own.
Constitutions that declare it (131)
Constitutions that are silent (26)
Mean practiced score: 64% where declared, versus 58% where silent.
What the text actually says
Passages tagged with this topic, from the Constitute Project.
South Africa
Everyone has the right to freedom of conscience, religion, thought, belief and opinion.
Country by country
| Country | Declared | Practiced |
|---|---|---|
| Albania | 100% | 72% |
| Algeria | 100% | 53% |
| Angola | 100% | 58% |
| Argentina | 100% | 81% |
| Armenia | 100% | 74% |
| Azerbaijan | 100% | 44% |
| Bahrain | 100% | 39% |
| Bangladesh | 100% | 40% |
| Barbados | 100% | 85% |
| Belarus | 100% | 13% |
| Benin | 100% | 67% |
| Bhutan | 100% | 64% |
| Bolivia | 100% | 68% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 100% | 63% |
| Botswana | 100% | 72% |
| Brazil | 100% | 75% |
| Bulgaria | 100% | 67% |
| Burma/Myanmar | 100% | 19% |
| Canada | 100% | 79% |
| Cape Verde | 100% | 81% |
| Chad | 100% | 50% |
| Chile | 100% | 89% |
| Colombia | 100% | 65% |
| Comoros | 100% | 43% |
| Costa Rica | 100% | 85% |
| Croatia | 100% | 76% |
| Cuba | 100% | 22% |
| Cyprus | 100% | 75% |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 100% | 58% |
| Denmark | 100% | 93% |
| Djibouti | 100% | 53% |
| Dominican Republic | 100% | 85% |
| Ecuador | 100% | 72% |
| Egypt | 100% | 28% |
| Eritrea | 100% | 26% |
| Estonia | 100% | 77% |
| Eswatini | 100% | 22% |
| Ethiopia | 100% | 44% |
| Fiji | 100% | 66% |
| Finland | 100% | 92% |
| Gabon | 100% | 83% |
| Georgia | 100% | 68% |
| Ghana | 100% | 79% |
| Greece | 100% | 75% |
| Guatemala | 100% | 67% |
| Guinea | 100% | 42% |
| Guinea-Bissau | 100% | 71% |
| Guyana | 100% | 71% |
| Haiti | 100% | 67% |
| Honduras | 100% | 74% |
| Hungary | 100% | 72% |
| Iceland | 100% | 80% |
| India | 100% | 57% |
| Indonesia | 100% | 54% |
| Iran | 100% | 36% |
| Iraq | 100% | 48% |
| Ireland | 100% | 91% |
| Ivory Coast | 100% | 60% |
| Jamaica | 100% | 87% |
| Japan | 100% | 74% |